This treatment, also called endodontic therapy, is used to manage infection or inflammation inside a tooth. It involves cleaning, disinfecting, and sealing the space within the tooth to help keep it functioning.
What Is Root Canal Treatment?
Inside each tooth is a soft tissue called the pulp, which contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. The pulp runs from the top of the tooth down through small channels called root canals to the tip of the root.
If the pulp becomes inflamed or infected due to deep decay, cracks, injury, or repeated dental work, it can cause pain, sensitivity, or swelling. Root canal treatment removes the affected pulp, cleans the inside of the tooth, and seals it to help prevent further infection. This treatment helps keep the natural tooth in place and supports normal chewing.
When Root Canal Treatment May Be Needed
A root canal may be recommended when the pulp tissue is damaged or infected. Common causes include:
- Deep decay that reaches the pulp chamber
- Large or repeated fillings that irritate the pulp
- A cracked or fractured tooth that exposes the nerve
- Trauma to a tooth, even if there are no visible cracks
- Prolonged sensitivity to hot or cold
- Pain when biting or chewing
- Swelling or a small pimple (fistula) on the gum near the affected tooth
Sometimes, the pulp may die without causing significant pain, and infection is detected only through X-rays or examination. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can help preserve the tooth.
How a Root Canal Helps Keep the Tooth
A root canal helps clear infection from inside your tooth and stops bacteria from spreading to nearby bone or gums. After the affected tissue is removed, the inside of the tooth is cleaned and sealed to help prevent further infection.
Although the treated tooth no longer has a live nerve, it can still function for chewing once it has been properly repaired. Keeping your natural tooth in place also helps support your jawbone and the position of nearby teeth. This approach can help you keep your natural bite and avoid gaps that may affect how you eat or speak.
